I think for local commutes / journeys, EV's charged overnight using solar that has been stored up in a battery (like Tesla Powerwall) through the day. Using a 5KW array this would give you a range of circa 40 miles per day for no ongoing cost. As Paul says, a shift to sodium batteries will overcome a lot of the Lithium mining concerns.
For longer journeys (including trucks / coaches ) hydrogen fuel using Ammonia as a means of transmission of the hydrogen from point of creation to near point of use. Using solar to produce the hydrogen will leave production in the hot countries though, but could be clean.
As I have said before, converting classics to run on hydrogen is much nicer in my mind than converting them to electric as you would retain the noise and the gear change.
