Perry I have to apologize telling wrong numbers about the GM fine. Hannes, of course I'm sitting also in a glasshouse and shouldn't throw with stones. I also have another manifold etc. on my 4/4.
My point is that VW claimed, even in US TV ads, to offer the cleanest Diesel the world can buy. If they had kept their feet on the ground regarding such claims, VW probably would not be in such a catastrophic situation. All manufacturers have to struggle with emission limits to meet but VW claimed to be "better than others". And this is a behave where at least the US reacts very sensitive if it is untrue.