Having spent the last six years in the the smartphone management software business I have seen a personal addiction level on these that almost exceeds anything in my experience.
As you say the desire/requirement/need to respond instantly is becoming native. It would be good to add this to the driver re-education courses as a matter of routine.
I suggested to a couple of the big phone vendors that they should use the software in the device to help protect us (from ourselves). The device has GPS and movement sensors as almost all apps show us. It has access to maps so can determine the difference between a road and rail for example.
Why not make the phone determine what the speed and direction is, work out if it is road bound then apply a series of rules with respect to what it displays and permits you to have access to. An override would be a lock code which would be simple for the police to show had been used as evidence.
Apple Carplay is a good attempt at limiting this interaction but in my experience many people just disable it and continue to use the full interface.
Change is as difficult to cope with as always/.